History

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History of SETI Projects

Date

 Investigator(s)

Location

Antenna Diameter (m)

 Search Freq (Hz) Resolution (Hz)

Targets

 Comments
1960 Drake Green Bank 26 1420 M 100 e Eridani, t Ceti Project Ozma
1963-64 Kardashev,Sholomitskii Crimea Deep Space Station 16 x 8 ant. 923 M 10 M 2 quasars CTA 102 - initial report of type III civilization
1966 Kellerman Parkes 64 350-5,000 M full bandwidth 1 galaxy (1934-63)  
1968-69 Troitskii, Rakhlin, Gershtejin, Starodubstev Zimenkie 5 926-8, 1421-3 M 13 11 stars and M31  
1968-82 Troitskii Gorky dipole 1, 1.875, 3.75, 10 G   all-sky  
1969-83 Troitskii, Bondar, Starodubstev Gorky, Crimea, Murmansk, Primorskij dipoles 600, 927, 1863 M   all-sky search for pulsed signals
1970-72 Slysh, Pashchenko, Rudnitskii, Lekht Nancay 40 x 240 antennas 1665, 1667 M 4 k 5 OH masers search for unnatural emission characteristics
1970-72 Slysh Nancay 40 x 240 antennas 1665, 1667 M 4 k 10 nearest stars  
1971, 1972 Verschuur Green Bank 91, 43 1420-1, 1410-30 M 490, 6.9 k 9 stars Project "Ozpa"
1972 Kardashev, Popov, Soglasnov, et al Crimea, RT-22 22 8570 M   galactic center search for statistical anomalies
1972-74 Kardashev, Gindilis, Popov, Soglasnov, Spangenburg, et al Caucasus, Pamir, Kamchatka, Mars 7 38, 60 371, 408, 458, 535 M 5 M omnidirectional "eavesdropping" search for pulses
1972-76 Zuckerman, Palmer Green Bank 91 1413-25, 1420-1 M 6.4x10^4, 4 k 674 stars Project "Ozma II"
1972-6 Bridle, Feldman Algonquin 46 22,235 M 30 k 70 stars first search at the water wavelength
1973-74 Shvartsman, et al Special Astrophys. Observatory, MANIA 0.6 optical   21 peculiar objects optical search for short pulses and laser lines
1973-1998 Dixon, Ehman, Raub, Kraus Ohio State 53 1420 M 10 k, 1 k all-sky Wow! signal in 1976
1974 Wishnia Copernicus 1 UV   nearby stars search for UV laser lines
1975 Drake, Sagan Arecibo 305 1420, 1667, 2380 M 1 k 4 galaxies search for type II civilizations
1975-79 Israel, de Ruiter WRST 1500 1415 M 4x10^6 50 star fields  
1976 Wielebinski, Seiradakis Max Planck Institute 100 1420 M 20 M various nearby stars search for pulsed signals with periods of 0.3-1.5 s
1976 Black, Cuzzi, Clark, Tarter Green Bank 43 8522-3 M 5 4 stars  
1977 Black, Cuzzi, Clark, Tarter Green Bank 91 1665, 1667 M 5 200 stars  
1977 Drake, Stull Arecibo 305 1664-8 M 0.5 6 stars  
1978 Shvartsman, et al Special Astrophys. Observatory, MANIA 6 optical     optical search of 30 radio objects for pulses from Kardashev II or III civiliz.
1978 Horowitz Arecibo 305 1420 M 0.015 185 stars  
1978 Cohen, Malkan, Dickey Arecibo, HRO, Parkes 305, 36, 64 1665-7, 22235, 1612M 9.5 k, 65 k, 4.5 k 25 globular clusters passive search for type II and III civilizations
1978 Knowles, Sullivan Arecibo 305 130-500 M 1 2 stars  
1978 Makovetskij, Gindilis, et al Zelenchukskaya, RATAN-600 7.4x450     Barnard's Star  
1978-80 Harris Pioneer Venus, Venera 11 and 12   20 keV - 1 MeV   54 g-ray bursters search for 3 linear events as sign of i/s spacecraft
1979 Cole, Ekers Parkes 64 5000 M 10 M, 1 M nearby FGK stars  
1979 Freitas, Valdes Leuschner Observatory 0.76 optical   Lagrangian points Bracewell probes
1979-81 Tarter, Clark, Cuquet, Lesyna Arecibo 305 1420, 1666 M 5, 600 200 stars  
1979-85 Bowyer et al Hat Creek 26 917-937, 1410-30, 1602-5 M, etc 2x500 all-sky SERENDIP piggyback
1980 Witteborn NASA-Univ. of Arizona, Mt Lemon 1.5 infrared   20 stars infrared excess from Dyson spheres
1980-81 Suchkin, Tokarev, et al Nirfi, Gorkii, Gaish, Moscow   9.3 M 1.5 k Lagrangian points Bracewell probes
1981 Lord, O'Dea Univ. of Mass. 14 115 G 20 k, 125 k N. galactic rot. axis  
1981 Israel, Tarter WRST 3000 max. baseline 1420 M 4 M, 10 M 85 star fields parasitic search
1981-82 Biraud, Tarter Nancay 40x240 1420 M, 1665-7 M 49 343 stars  
1981 Shostak, Tarter WRST 3000 max. baseline 1420 M 1.2 k galactic center interferometer search for pulsed signals
1981 Talent Kitt Peak 2.1 optical   3 stars search for enhanced stellar lines of rare earth elements as evidence of et nuclear waste disposal
1981-2 Valdes, Freitas Kitt Peak 0.61 optical   Langrangian points Project "SETA". Search for Bracewell probes
1982 Horowitz, Teague,Linscott, Chen, Backus Arecibo 305 2841 M / 1420 M 0.03 250 stars / 150 stars "Suitcase SETI"
1982 Vallee, Simard-Normandin Algonquin 46 10522 M 185 M galactic center meridian search for strongly polarized signals
1983-85 Horowitz Oak Ridge 26 1420 M, 1667 M 0.03 sky survey Project Sentinel
1983 Damashek Green Bank 92 390 M 2x10^6 sky survey search for single pulses and telemetry
1983 Valdes, Freitas Hat Creek 26 1516 M 4.9 k / 76 k 80 stars / 12 stars search for radioactive tritium from et fusion technology
1983 Gulkis DSS 43 64 8 G, 2380 M 40 k southern sky survey  
1983-88 Gray Small SETI Observatory 4 1419-1421 M 1-40 sky survey amateur meridian transit search
1983-4 Cullers AMSETI 2 1420, <1000 M     amateur SETI based on satellite TV dishes
1983-8 Stephens Hay River, NWT two 18x18 1415-25 M 30 k northern sky survey amateur SETI observatory using two 64-ft square dishes
1984 Slysh satellite radiometer   37 G 400 M all-sky Dyson spheres radiating > 1sol. lum. within 100 pc
1985-95 Horowitz Oak Ridge 26 1420, 1665, 1667, 2841 M 0.05 sky survey META
1986-88 Bowyer, Wertheimer, Lampton Green Bank 92 400-3,500 M 1 various sky areas SERENDIP II
1986 Mirabel Green Bank 43 4,830 M 76 galactic center, 33 stars  
1986 Betz Mount Wilson 1.65 infrared 3.5 M 100 Sun-like stars search for IR beacons at carbon dioxide laser freq.
1986- Colomb, Martin, Lemarchand Argentina 30 1415, 1425, 1667 M 2.5 k 78 Sun-like stars  
1987 Tarter, Kardashev, Slysh VLA 26 x 9 ant. 1,612 M 6.1 k G357.3-1.3 obs. of IR source near galactic center to check if Dyson sphere
1987 Gray Oak Ridge 26 1,420 M 0.05 sky positions of Wow! signal used META system
1988 Bania, Rood Green Bank 43 8,665 M 305 24 Vega-like stars with IR excess search for narrow-band signal at freq. of spin-flip of 3He+
1990 Colomb et al. Argentina 30 1,420 M 0.05 all-sky META II (southern hemis.)
1990 Blair et al. Parkes 64 4,462 M 100 100 Sun-like stars search at pi times 21-cm hydrogen line frequency
1990 Gray Oak Ridge 26 1,420 M 0.05 M31, M33  
1990- Kingsley Bexley, Ohio 0.25 optical   nearby stars COSETI
1992 NASA Ames Arecibo 305 1.3-2.4 G 1, 7, 28 78 Sun-like stars HRMS targeted search
1992 JPL Goldstone 26, 34 1.7 G, 8.3-8.7 G 30 all-sky HRMS sky survey
1992-96 Bowyer, Wertheimer, Donnelly Arecibo 305 423-435 M 0.6 all-sky SERENDIP III
1993 Steffes, Deboer NRAO/Tucson 12 203 G 32 40 stars and 3 locations near galactic center search near positronium line
1995- SETI Institute Parkes-Mopra / Arecibo / Jodrell Bank 64 / 305 / 76 1.2-3 G 1 206 stars / 192 stars / 600 stars Project Phoenix
1995 Gray VLA 26 1,420 M 381, 6.1 k "Wow!" signal region  
1995 Beskin Special Astrophysical Observatory 6 optical   several objects  
1995 Mauersberger, Wilson, Rood, Bania, Hein, Linhart IRAM 30 203 G 9.7 k 17 stars and positions search at spin-flip frequency of positronium
1995-99 Horowitz, et al Oak Ridge 26 1.4-1.7 G 0.5 northern all-sky BETA; covered full waterhole (damaged by wind storm)
1996 Blair, Zadnik Perth, Australia 0.64 optical   nearby stars  
1997- Wertheimer, et al. Arecibo 305 1.32-1.52 G 0.6 all-sky SERENDIP IV
1998- SETI League amateur dishes (up to 5000) 3-5 1.42 G 10 all directions in real time Project Argus
1998- Stootman, et al. Parkes 64 0.6 1,418-1,420 M southern random all-sky Southern SERENDIP; uses 13 beams on sky from focal plane array
1999- Wertheimer Leuschner 0.76 optical   nearby stars search for pulsed signals
1999- Marcy Lick and Keck 4 and 10 optical   nearby stars search for narrowband continuous wave sugnals in data archive of extrasolar planet search
1999- Horowitz Harvard Smithsonian 1.55 optical   nearby stars search for nanoseccond pulsed signals
1999- Montebugnoli Medicina 32 1,415-1,425 M; 4,255-4,256 M 0.6 northern sky survey SETI Italia; SERENDIP-type ransom sky survey at 21 cm and 7 cm
1999- Wertheimer, Anderson Arecibo 305 1.419-1.421 G 0.1 all sky SETI@home (2.5 MHz of SERENDIP IV data analyzed by screen-savers on home PCs

Based on data compiled by Jill Tarter of the SETI Institute

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